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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair ramp can be an effective device to help a loved one live more independently at home. However, if they aren't designed correctly, they can be unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require level landings at all changes in direction to prevent compound slopes. They also must provide a grippy surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs are able to comfortably navigate the structure. The ramp's slope must not exceed a 1:12 ratio, and the landings should be level in any change of direction or shift in the ramp surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber that is more durable than untreated and is able to withstand rain better.

The ramp's top and bottom should be free of obstacles such as trees or bushes, as well as other structures which could interfere with the user's safe passage. Additionally the ramp's surface must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface.

Make use of treated lumber that is at minimum four inches wide for the ramp frame. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the level of the ground. Spindles should be used to join the posts with the ramp's railings. This type of connection decreases the possibility of a ramp user falling off the ramp.

Next, construct the ramp's frame using beams that measure 2 by 4 wheeler loading Ramps inches in size and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. The joists should be placed at least 18 inches above ground and secured with hangings for joists which are nails that fit inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.

Install an upper landing close to the doorway to allow wheelchair users to control the doorswing easily. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. For doors with in-swing, the landing must be at least 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and a person in a wheelchair who needs to move backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing whenever you change in the direction of the ramp to prevent the requirement for wheelchairs to step on their brakes as they turn corners. A level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp away from the way when needed so that lawnmowers and other equipment can go under it.

Materials

The material used to build a wheelchair ramp can be wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation service can assist you in deciding which is best for your home or business. It is essential to take into consideration your specific needs and budget when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should also be simple to maintain and safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with a non-slip surface.

Make sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or buying any materials. Also, make sure to adhere to all local building codes. Utilizing the wrong materials or construction methods can lead to dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can get the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the cheapest alternative for ADA ramp materials. However they require more care. The surface of wood ramps should be treated regularly with a sealer in order to stop rot and warping. Wood splinters can be a problem, and can be especially hazardous for wheelchair van ramp users. Wood ramps can require additional support to ensure the structure remains upright and stable.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time However, they can be costly. They are heavy, which means that more labor is required to install them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp after it is no longer needed. Concrete ramps are strong enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are less heavy and less expensive than concrete or steel. They also have the same strength, durability and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than iron and steel, making them an excellent option for people on a tight budget. Aluminum is also environmentally friendly because it is naturally present in the Earth's crust and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing must be level or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door to allow wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps with a gap greater than this do not comply with ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the landing area and the ground. The final section of the ramp must have a beveled transitions to avoid the abrupt stop of wheelchairs when they enter or leave a dwelling.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is an inclined plane that is erected in addition to or in place of stairs. It allows wheelchair users and people who use carts or strollers to get around areas that would otherwise be difficult to reach, such as an entranceway or a set up of steep steps.

There are several considerations when choosing a wheelchair ramp that should be considered, including the height, location and cost. A ramp should be placed near the door as possible to avoid unnecessary travel. It should be set at a level where the person using it can easily walk on it. It should also be anchored to the ground and free of obstructions like trees or parked cars.

ADA regulations stipulate that ramps should have handrails on either side. The rails must be at minimum 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches beyond it. If a ramp has switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout, handrails must be continuous between the removable ramp for wheelchair's runs.

The length of the ramp is determined by its slope. However there are a few basic ramp types that can be used for most situations. A threshold ramp, for example, sits flush against the curb's lip or the threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are on the other hand, can be moved to a different place and come in different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can be built on-site. These are often used in public or commercial spaces, and are typically larger than the threshold and portable folding ramp for wheelchairs ramps.

If you're considering a permanent ramp, make sure you contact your city's building department to determine if you'll need a permit. Also, you should consult a mobility specialist about the type of ramp that works best for your space and needs. In some instances installing an all-weather ramp can boost the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is essential to ensure that your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if you will be using it frequently. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and fix any structural issues when they occur. This will ensure that the ramp complies all ADA requirements, and is safe for the users.

Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to remove dirt and debris that can obstruct access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also stop moisture from accumulating under the surface and creating rot. Stains and wood preservatives only work properly only if the ramp is cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps can be more challenging to maintain than other types of ramps, since they are more likely to experience wear and wear and tear. The most important thing to do is ensure that you have the proper tools to complete the task. To ensure that all fixings are secure and tight, you will need an appropriate set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of corrosion or damage. It's possible that over time, and with repeated use some of the bolts and fittings which hold the handrails in place may loosen and cause an extremely dangerous risk for people who use the ramp.

It is also important to make sure that the surface of the ramp is sufficiently grippy, especially in winter when the conditions are challenging. You'll need to remove any dirt, leaves and other debris that could hinder the surface and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply a non-corrosive ice melt on the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to prevent slipping and injury.

Consider buying "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you are planning to use it for the duration of the winter. These wheels are designed to track better on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will help you remain on your ramp longer than normal electric wheelchair ramps tires. You can also use heating tape or pads to melt snow and ice on the ramp prior to it gets too much.