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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different types produce distinct flavors. Learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and more tart flavor profile and are often used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and come in various flavour profiles. The aroma and taste of a coffee may vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and processing methods employed to produce it.

The word "coffee" derives from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are fruit seeds that grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats became stimulated after eating these berries, and the cultivation of coffee quickly was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and they are capable of flourishing in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons for why Arabica is considered to be the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees, which can be used in many different brewing techniques. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor and body of the coffee. It is often preferred to get a consistent and balanced taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted kind of coffee bean in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids can cause oxidation in the process of brewing coffee and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more robust than arabica, able thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant, and it grows faster than arabica. This makes it a cost effective crop to grow.

While it may seem counterintuitive Robusta beans are frequently combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you find names such as Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag it's possible that there's also some robusta.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, the majority of roasters use combine the two varieties in order to cut costs and maintain quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor it is recommended to select the best quality beans from a reliable source. This can be done by buying your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football, which is why they are different from other coffee beans. They have an aroma that is floral, fruity and smoky. They are often blended with other coffee bean varieties to create a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and tolerate hot, humid climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. The seeds can be found on the internet from several sources, but it is best to buy from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils, with moderately acidic pH, and sufficient annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa which was originally considered a separate species but is now classified as a subspecies of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are grown on large 20-30 foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their distinctive flavor is tart and sour, which makes them a popular option for blends made at home. They are also lighter on the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta and Robusta, yet they possess a unique quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth-most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. They were considered to be to be a different species of cheap Coffee Beans up until 2006, when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans have the shape of a teardrop and are dark and mysterious in taste. They are often blended to add extra body and a rich tart, ripe fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a touch of acidity. If properly brewed and roasted they may have notes like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee worldwide, and makes up around 40% of the coffee consumed worldwide. Robusta beans are smaller and more round but they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two types and have an earthy, woody flavor.

Now that you've learned the four most commonly used types of coffee beans bristol beans you can now choose the perfect cup. If you want a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.